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The Amazing World of Electricity
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9 chapters in this video
0:00 What is Electricity?
1:38 What is a Direct Current?
4:13 What is an Alternating Current?
5:55 Power Plants & electricity
6:51 How do Magnets create Electricity?
7:33 What is Static Electricity?
8:35 What is a Conductor?
9:08 What is an Insulator?
10:21 When was Electricity Discovered?
11:31 Learning Activity
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In this video we will learn all about electricity. We will learn about lightning, power plants, Direct Current (DC) and Alternating Current (AC). We even talk about when electricity was discovered and go over topics like conductors and insulators.
We will have a much better understanding of what electricity is, where it comes from, and the amazing things it can do. We know that electricity can be a tricky topic to cover so throughout the video we provide really good examples and break down the complex ideas.
Introduction
Electricity is the flow of tiny particles called electrons and protons. It can also mean the energy you get when electrons flow from place to place. Electricity can be seen in nature in a bolt of lightning. Lightning is nothing but a large number of electrons flowing through air all at once, releasing a huge amount of energy. Scientists have also learned how to generate, or create, electricity. This is useful because electricity that is generated can be controlled and sent through wires. It can then power such things as heaters, light bulbs, and computers. Today, electricity provides most of the energy to run the modern world
Current Electricity
Everything in the universe is made of tiny objects called atoms. Each atom has even tinier particles called protons and electrons.
Electricity is created when an outside force causes electrons to move from atom to atom.
An electron has what is called a negative charge. A proton has a positive charge. Positive and negative charges try to pull each other together. However, two positive charges, or two negative charges, will push each other away. Electricity results when electrons are pushed and pulled from atom to atom.
In other words,
Electrons are particles that carry a negative charge. When electrons are in motion, they create an electric current. This current can be used to power devices, light up lights, and heat homes.
Electricity is a very versatile form of energy. It can be used to power a wide variety of devices, and it is relatively easy to transmit over long distances. However, electricity can also be dangerous if it is not handled properly.
Static Electricity
Most objects have a balance of positive and negative charges, so they are considered neutral. This means that they do not push or pull on each other electrically. However, sometimes electrons can build up in an object. Two such objects can push or pull on each other because they are no longer neutral. This push or pull from extra electrons is called static electricity. Static electricity can cause interesting effects, such as sparks or lightning bolts, when it is released. Sometimes the extra electrons build up by rubbing one object against another. For example, when one rubs a balloon against one’s hair, electrons move from the balloon to the hair. Because the hairs then all have extra electrons, which all have the same kind of charge, they try to fly away from each other and end up sticking into the air like spikes!
Generating Electricity
Many moving electrons are called an electric current. A city’s power plant produces a powerful electric current and sends it through wires. The electricity used for lighting, heating, and running appliances is made by machines called generators. Generators cause a current to flow by moving a magnet past a coil of wire, which pushes electrons through the wires of the coil. Wires carrying the current travel to houses and other buildings. More wires connect to the power outlets in rooms. When a person plugs in an iron or another electric device, the current travels into the device. The current then makes the device work. A chemical reaction in a battery can also produce an electric current.
When
was
electricity
first
discovered?
Electric catfish
Ancient Egyptian texts dated to 2750 B.C. described the electric catfish as the “Thunderer of the Nile”. 500 B.C.:
Thales of Miletus
623 - 545 BC
Thousands of years later, the Greek mathematician Thales of Miletus discovered static electricity by rubbing fur on amber.
William Gilbert
1544 - 1603
invented the term 'electricity'. He was the first person to recognize that there was a connection between magnetism and electricity,
current electricity: Current electricity is the flow of electrons through a conductor, such as a wire.
static electricity: Static electricity is the build-up of electrical charge on an object. It can be created by rubbing two objects together, such as a balloon and your hair.
Direct current (DC) is a type of electrical current that flows in one direction only.
Alternating current (AC) is a type of electrical current that changes direction back and forth many times per second
Static Electricity
Current Electricity
Direct current (DC) is a type of electrical current that flows in one direction only. This is different from alternating current (AC), which changes direction back and forth many times per second.
DC is produced by batteries, solar cells, and some generators. It is used in many devices, such as flashlights, toys, and computers.
DC current is often represented by a line with an arrow pointing in one direction. The arrow shows the direction of the current flow.
The voltage of a DC current is the difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit. The higher the voltage, the more energy the current can carry.
DC current is often used in electronic devices because it is more reliable than AC current. DC current does not produce as much interference as AC current, so it is less likely to cause problems with electronic circuits.
Alternating current (AC) is a type of electrical current that changes direction back and forth many times per second. This is different from direct current (DC), which flows in one direction only.
The direction of AC current changes because of the way that AC generators work. These generators have a rotating magnetic field that induces an electric current in a wire coil. As the magnetic field rotates, the direction of the induced current changes.
The frequency of AC current is the number of times the current changes direction per second. In the United States, the standard frequency for AC current is 60 hertz, which means that the current changes direction 60 times per second.
AC current is used in most homes and businesses because it is more efficient to transmit over long distances than DC current. It is also easier to convert AC current to DC current for use in electronic devices.
An analogy that might help to understand DC current:
Imagine a river flowing from the mountains to the sea. The water in the river is always flowing in one direction, just like DC current. The speed of the water flow is like the voltage of the DC current. The faster the water flows, the higher the voltage.
An analogy that might help to understand AC current:
Imagine a ball bouncing up and down on a spring. The ball is moving in both directions, up and down, and it is doing this at a regular frequency. The frequency of the ball's bouncing is like the frequency of AC current. The higher the frequency, the faster the ball bounces.
the key differences between DC and AC
Devices that use DC : Batteries, Solar cells, Flashlights, Toys, Computers.
Devices that use AC : Power lines, Light bulbs, TVs, Microwaves, Refrigerators.
Where does electricity come from?
Electricity can be generated from a variety of sources, including:
Fossil fuels: Coal, oil, and natural gas can be burned to create heat, which can then be used to generate electricity.
Nuclear power: Nuclear power plants use the heat from nuclear fission to generate electricity.
Renewable energy: Renewable energy sources, such as solar power, wind power, and hydroelectric power, can be used to generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gases.
Once electricity is generated, it is transmitted through power lines to homes and businesses.
Fossil fuels: Coal, natural gas, and petroleum are the most common fossil fuels used to generate electricity. They are burned in power plants to create heat, which is then used to turn a turbine to generate electricity.
Nuclear power: Nuclear power plants use the heat from nuclear fission to generate electricity. Fission is the splitting of an atom's nucleus, which releases a large amount of energy. This energy is used to heat water, which turns to steam and drives a turbine to generate electrici
Hydropower: Hydropower plants use the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. Water is stored behind a dam and then released through a turbine, which generates electric
Solar power: Solar power plants use the sun's energy to generate electricity. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, which can then be used to power homes, businesses, and other dev
Wind power: Wind power plants use the wind's energy to generate electricity. Wind turbines convert the wind's kinetic energy into electricity, which can then be used to power homes, businesses, and other de
Geothermal power: Geothermal power plants use the heat from the Earth's interior to generate electricity. Hot water or steam is pumped from underground and used to turn a turbine to generate elect
What is electricity ?
Electricity is the flow of tiny particles called electrons and protons. It can also mean the energy you get when electrons flow from place to place. Electricity can be seen in nature in a bolt of lightning.
How is electrical energy used?
Electrical energy can be seen in nature in a bolt of lightning, which is a large number of electrons flowing through air all at once. People have learned how to produce electrical energy and control it. Electrical energy is sent through wires or the air to power such things as lightbulbs, ovens, and washing machines.
How the electricity works?
Electricity is a secondary energy source created at an atomic level thanks to the attraction of protons and electrons. It's generated when we move electrons around. When we move that energy down conductive wires, the electricity travels into our homes and businesses.
What is electricity and its uses?
Electricity is an essential part of modern life. People use electricity for lighting, heating, cooling, and refrigeration and for operating appliances, computers, electronics, machinery, and public transportation systems.
Examples of electricity?
Lightning is an example of static electricity created when ice and water particles in storm clouds collide, creating big electrical charges (bolts) that travel to the ground below or to nearby clouds. Another example is when you shuffle your feet across the carpet, then get a shock when you touch something or someone.
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